Lebanon: A Brief Cultural Overview :: essays research papers

Lebanon A Brief Cultural OverviewLebanons rich history has been shaped by many cultural traditions, including Phoenician, Greek, Roman, Islamic, Crusader, Ottoman Turkish, French, and recently American. The resulting culture is distinctively Lebanese, a combination of eastern United States and West, past and present. Music Folk music and dancing have a long tradition and are very popular. The matter dance, the dabke, is an energetic folk dance that has influenced many European and American folk dances. Classical belly dancing still maintains an important role in spousal ceremonies, representing a transition from the virgin bride to the sensual woman. The dance is also popular in many nightclubs. Traditional Lebanese music is created by using unharmonized tunes and manifold rhythms. The music is often accompanied by multi-layered singing. Instruments used in traditional Lebanese music include the oud, a pear-shaped string instrument the tabla, a percussion instrument the nay, a s ingle reed, open-ended pipe and the qanun, a flat trapezoid instrument usually with at least 81 strings. sophisticated Lebanese music sounds more like what one would consider Latin musuc, its tracks are digitized and the music is much more harmonious. Lebanon is home to one of the Middle Easts most talented and popular singers, Amin Sultan. The Baalbeck International Festival, an annual music festival, is held in the Acropolis of Ballbeck, located near Beirut. The acropolis is one of the largest and best preserved examples of Roman architecture in Lebanon. LiteratureLiterature and poetry have always had an important place in Lebanese culture. Lebanon, who has one of the Middle Easts highest literacy order (86.4%), produced many writers in the early 20th century who greatly influenced the Arabic language. The most famous Lebanese literary figure is Khalil Gibran, a 19th-century poet, writer and artisan whose work explored Christian mysticism. In 1923 he published, in English, The Prophet. Contemporary writers include Amin Maalouf, Layla Balabakki, Ameen F. Rihani and Hanan Al-Shaykh. ArtsThe impact of Lebanons civil war can be seen in many types of art, including theater, film and painting. Theater has been important in Lebanon from about 1920, due largely to French influence. Georges Shehadeh is Lebanons most well known dramatist and is internationally known for his poetry and drama. Painting became more popular in Lebanon late in the 20th century. Most painting is experimental and energetic, done with vivacious colors. Wajih, Samir Abi Rashed, and Soulema Zod are among Lebanons most well known painters.